Pincio gardens · Nearby
Gregorio Ugdulena
A scholar of Hebrew and Greek, Ugdulena combined biblical translation with political activity during Sicily’s struggle against Bourbon rule.
Find on the mapAlfonso La Marmora Bust
About Alfonso La Marmora
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Alfonso La Marmora's career joined the reform of an army to the formation of a state. Born in Turin in 1804, he became an officer in the Kingdom of Sardinia and worked to improve military organization after the failures of the first war against Austria.
He commanded the Sardinian expedition in the Crimean War and held senior government office, including the premiership. As an Italian statesman, he helped negotiate the alliance with Prussia that preceded war against Austria in 1866.
Custoza brought intense criticism of La Marmora’s military leadership. Disputes about planning, command, and responsibility followed him into retirement. Italy nevertheless acquired Venetia through the wider diplomatic settlement, a result that should not obscure the battlefield failure.
He died in 1878. His biography is distinct from that of his brother Alessandro, associated with the creation of the Bersaglieri. The shared surname can hide different careers, while Alfonso's own record contains both institutional work and a defeat that shaped how later generations remembered him.
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Angelo Brofferio
Brofferio joined journalism, theater, poetry, and parliamentary opposition in the democratic politics of the Risorgimento.
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